The agriculture is the individual largest user of water in the Earth and most of that water is used for crops irrigating. The irrigation is the method of transporting water from one area to another area for the purpose of crops growing. Water used for irrigation generally comes from groundwater pumped from wells or from rivers and the important reason for the crops irrigating is that it increases productions. This as well allows the agriculture of marginal land in dry regions that would generally not support pastures and there are several processes of irrigation: the flood irrigation, the furrow irrigation, the drip irrigation and the center pivot irrigation.
The flood irrigation involves the oversupplying of a crop area placed on generally flat acres and this gravity flow process of water is relatively easy to
carry out, particularly whenever the natural flooding of river plains is used and hence is cost effectual. Still, some of the water used in flood
irrigation is unsaved, either by vaporization or by infiltration into soil near to the intended area of irrigation process.
The furrow irrigation as well involves gravity flow of water on comparatively flat dry land. Still, therein form of the irrigation, H2O flow is confined to ditches or furrows between crops rows and this provides better control of the water and hence, the less water is necessary and less is lost.
The drip irrigation involves letting in small amounts of water directly to individual plants. The water is released by perforated tube mounted below or
above ground near the root ages of plants individual and this process was originally developed in Israel for practice in dry regions having limited H2O
available for irrigation process.
The center pivot sprinkling systems delivers water to crops from the sprinklers mounted on a long boom and which revolves about a pivot center. The water
is pumped to the pivot from a close well irrigation. Center pivot sprinkler system has the advantage that it's very mobile and can be moved from one field
to another field as wanted. This can as well be used on uneven crop land as the moving boom can follow the forms of the land (field). The center-pivot
systems are widely practiced of the United States in the southwest regions and western plains.