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Transmission Control Protocol
Like the IP datagram, a TCP segment is divided into two parts viz:
1. TCP header and
2. Data
The TCP header is also of 5 word length like IP header and is of 20 octets.
The feature of TCP header is given below.
1. Source Port (16 bits)
It specifies from which port the segment has come.
2. Destination Port (16 bits)
It specifies to which port the segment has to be sent.
3. Sequence Number (32 bits)
Specifies the sequence number of the first data octet present in the segment.
4. Acknowledgement Number (32 bits)
Contains the sequence number of the next data octet to be received.
5. Header length
Specifies the number of 32 bit words present in the header. It is usually 5 for a 20 octet header.
6. Unused
Reserved for future use.
7. Flags
It is used for sending control information.
8. Window
Specifies the number of data octets staring from the data octet specified in the acknowledgement field that the receiver is ready to receive.
9. Checksum
Used for error detection.
10. Urgent pointer
Contains the address of the last octet in a sequence of urgent data.
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